It is not known why a person develops anorexia or other eating disorders. However, it is clear that there is a complex relationship between predisposing traits, triggering factors, and recurring negative or positive feedback in relation to habits intended to provide weight loss. Observational research shows people may be predisposed to developing anorexia if:
- They or a family member has a history of an eating disorder, depression or addiction to alcohol or drugs
- They have been subjected to negative comments on their body size or shape, or subject to criticism or remarks on their eating habits
- They have external pressure or influence due to their job
- They suffer from anxiety or low self-esteem
- They have an obsessive personality or strive for perfection (even when unrealistic)
- They have suffered sexual abuse
Exposure to Western media is thought to be a risk factor, with the prevalence of anorexia being highest in North America and Western Europe. It has been shown that where immigrants move into Western-influenced cultures they also experience a higher incidence of anorexia.
